APA style 6th edition
The 7th edition of APA was published in October 2019. Some departments and lecturers may still be using the 6th edition. Ask your lecturer or supervisor if you are unsure which edition to use.
The American Psychological Association (APA) style is an in-text referencing style and includes
- An in-text citation to briefly identify the source you have quoted or paraphrased
- A reference list for all in-text citations at the end of the document
Download the APA 6th Quick Guide (PDF 828KB)
Sample references
- Audiovisual material (DVD, video, radio, television episode, YouTube)
- Books and book chapters
- Citing a source within a source (secondary sources)
- Conference papers
- Encyclopedias and dictionaries
- Figures and tables
- Government publications
- Journal articles
- Lecture notes and PowerPoint slides on LEARN
- Legal resources (cases, Acts, treaties)
- Music
- Newspaper articles
- Personal communication
- Pictures and images
- Social media (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter)
- Theses
- Websites, blogs
Basic rules
APA style is based on the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). For more resources see Other APA style resources and Quick APA citation tools.