Professor Conan Jeffery Fee

Phone: +64 3 364 2987 ext. 6202
Office: Forestry 116

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Fields of Research

• Isoelectric points of PEGylated proteins
• On-farm robotic capture of high-value milk proteins
• PEGylation reactions
• Post-ruminal drug delivery
• Purification of PEGylated proteins
• Sizes of PEGylated proteins
• Adsorptive Membranes
• Influenza Coat Protein Purification and Assay
• Molecular Brushes
• Adsorption Engineering
• Bioseparations Engineering

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Researcher Summary

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Subject Area: Disciplines

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Research Groups

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Key Methodologies

• Ion exchange
• Size exclusion reaction chromatography
• Input for bio processes
• Protein chromatography
• Biosorption
• Design of batch and fixed-bed adsorbers
• Super pro Designer process Economics
• Feasibility and process scheduling
• Protein purification
• Surface Plasmon Resonance
• Quartz Crystal Microbalance

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Affiliations

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Publications

• Subramanian K., Fee C.J. (2013) A new surface plasmon resonance assay for measuring insulin receptor-insulin interactions in real time. Lorne, Victoria, Australia: 38th Lorne Conference on Protein Structure and Function, 10-14 Feb 2013. (Conference Contribution - Poster presentation)

• Fee, C.J. (2013) Quartz crystal microbalance. In J. Gerrard (Ed.), Protein Nanotechnology: Protocols, Instrumentation, and Applications: in press. New York: Humana Press. (Chapter in Book)

• Damodaran V.B., Fee C.J. (2013) Solid-phase Protein PEGylation through Molecular Tethering. New Orleans, LA, USA: 245th ACS National Meeting & Exposition, 7-11 Apr 2013. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Damodaran V.B., Fee C.J. (2013) Solid-phase protein PEGylation through molecular tethering. New Orleans: ACS Meeting: Chemistry of Energy & Food, 7-11 April 2013. (Conference Contribution - Abstract)

• Fee, C.J. (2013) Surface plasmon resonance. In J. Gerrard (Ed.), Protein Nanotechnology: Protocols, Instrumentation, and Applications (2nd ed.): in press. New York: Humana Press. (Chapter in Book)

• Chandrasekaran, N., Dimartino, S. and Fee, C.J. (2012) Adsorption of proteins on stainless steel surfaces. Wellington, New Zealand: Chemeca2012, 23-26 Sep 2012. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Dimartino, S., Momich, D., Schadock-Hewitt, A.J., Marcus, R.K. and Fee, C.J. (2012) Chromatographic properties of capillary-channelled polymer fibres for the purification of large biomolecules. Stowe, VT, USA: Recovery of Biological Products XV, 29 Jul-2 Aug 2012. (Conference Contribution - Oral presentation)

• Herritsch, A., Abdul Rahim, E.E., Morison, K., Duenser, A., Young, B., Fee, C., Winchester, J. and Gostomski, P. (2012) Discoveries from students' interactions with an immersive learning application. Wellington, New Zealand: Chemeca2012, 23-26 Sep 2012. (Conference Contribution - Full conference paper)

• Damodaran, V.B., Fee, C.J. and Popat, K.C. (2012) Modeling of PEG grafting and prediction of interfacial force profile using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Surface and Interface Analysis 44(2): 144-149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.3783. (Journal Article)

• Fee, C. and Plummer, B. (2012) New approaches to food fractionation by chromatography: Adapting high-cost techniques to the production of moderate-value products. Brussels, Belgium: 14th International Symposium on Preparative and Industrial Chromatography and Allied Techniques (SPICA), 30 Sep-3 Oct 2012. (Conference Contribution - Abstract)

• Saufi, S.M. and Fee, C.J. (2012) Preparation of multiple interaction membrane chromatography using mixed matrix membrane preparation concept. London, UK: Euromembrane 2012, 23-27 Sep 2012. (Conference Contribution - Full conference paper)

• Fee, C.J. and Damodaran, V.B. (2012) Production of PEGylated Proteins. In G. Subramanian (Ed.), Handbook of Biopharmaceutical Production Technology: 199-222. Chichester: Wiley-VCH. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527653096.ch7. (Chapter in Book)

• Plesner, B., Fee, C.J., Nielsen, A.D. and Westh, P. (2011) Effects of PEG size on structure, function and stability of PEGylated BSA. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 79(2): 399-405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.05.003. (Journal Article)

• Damodaran, V.B., Fee, C.J. and Popat, K.C. (2011) Kinetic Models for Predicting PEG Covalent Grafting Using XPS Fractional C-O Intensities. Denver, CO, USA: 242nd American Chemical Society National Meeting & Exoposition (ACS), 28 Aug-1 Sep 2011. In Division of Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering(105) 968-969. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Saufi, S. and Fee, C. (2011) Mixed Mode Anion and Cation Exchange Chromatography using a Customizable Mixed Matrix Membrane (MMM) for Whey Proteins. Boston, MA, USA: 24th International Symposium, Exhibit & Workshops on Preparative/Process Chromatography, Ion Exchange, Adsorption Processes & Related Separation Techniques (PREP 2011), 10-13 Jul 2011. (Conference Contribution - Oral presentation)

• Fee, C.J. and Van Alstine, J.M. (2011) Purification of PEGylated Proteins. In J-C. Janson (Ed.), Protein Purification: Principles, High Resolution Methods, and Applications (3rd ed.): 339-362. New York: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470939932.ch14. (Chapter in Book)

• Herritsch, A., Gostomski, P., Morison, K., Rahim, E., Dünser, A., Young, B., Fee, C., Winchester, J. and Cameron, I. (2011) Recent Developments with an Immersive Learning Tool Using a Milk Powder Production Application. Sydney, Australia: Chemeca 2011, 18-21 Sep 2011. Article 273. http://www.conference.net.au/chemeca2011/papers/273.pdf. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Saufi, S.M. and Fee, C.J. (2011) Recovery of lactoferrin from whey using cross-flow cation exchange mixed matrix membrane chromatography. Separation & Purification Technology 77(1): 68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2010.11.021. (Journal Article)

• Perez, E., Tao, Y., Carta, G. and Fee, C. (2011) Side-by-side comparison of protein adsorption and transport in macroporous cation exchangers with and without polymeric surface extenders. Minneapolis, MN, USA: 2011 AIChE Annual Meeting, 16-21 Oct 2011. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Saufi, S.M. and Fee, C.J. (2011) Simultaneous anion and cation exchange chromatography of whey proteins using a customizable mixed matrix membrane. Journal of Chromatography A 1218(50): 9003-9009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2011.09.045. (Journal Article)

• Damodaran, V.B. and Fee, C.J. (2011) Synthesis and evaluation of α-(β-alanine)-ω-carboxy PEG derivative as a novel cleavable heterobifunctional PEG tether for solid-phase polymeric drug delivery. International Journal of Polymeric Materials 60(6): 398-408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00914037.2010.531811. (Journal Article)

• He, L., Wang, H., Garamus, V.M., Hanley, T., Lensch, M., Gabius, H-J., Fee, C.J. and Middelberg, A. (2010) Analysis of monoPEGylated human galectin-2 by small angle x-ray and neutron scattering: concentration dependence of PEG conformation in the conjugate. Biomacromolecules 11(12): 3504-3510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bm100999a. (Journal Article)

• Saufi, S.M. and Fee, C.J. (2010) Batch Adsorption of Whey Protein onto Anion Exchange Mixed Matrix Membrane Chromatography. Cairo, Egypt: 2nd International Conference on Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering (ICBEE 2010), 2-4 Nov 2010. In Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering (ICBEE 2010) http://umpir.ump.edu.my/1151/. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Damodaran, V.B., Fee, C.J., Ruckh, T. and Popat, K.C. (2010) Conformational Studies of Covalently Grafted Poly(ethylene glycol) on Modified Solid Matrices Using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Langmuir 26(10): 7299-7306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la9041502. (Journal Article)

• Fee C.J., Rehm B.A.H., Macown R.J., Thompson T. and Herbert A. (2010) Engineered Bionanobeads for therapeutic protein production. Lake Tahoe, CA, USA: Recovery of Biological Products XIV, 1- 6 Aug, 2010. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Fee, C.J., Billakanti, J.M. and Saufi, S.M. (2010) Methods for purification of dairy nutraceuticals. In S.S.H. Rizvi (Ed.), Separation, Extraction and Concentration Processes in the Food, Beverage and Nutraceutical Industries: 450-482. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing. (Chapter in Book)

• Fee C.J. (2010) Poly(ethylene glycol)-grafted proteins: conformation, separation and analysis. Christchurch, New Zealand: The Bio/ABio Interface Workshop, 22-24 Jun 2010. (Conference Contribution - Abstract)

• Damodaran, V.B., Fee, C.J. and Popat, K.C. (2010) Prediction of protein interaction behaviour with PEG-grafted matrices using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Applied Surface Science 256(16): 4894-4901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.02.088. (Journal Article)

• Damodaran, V.B. and Fee, C.J. (2010) Protein PEGylation: An overview of chemistry and process considerations. European Pharmaceutical Review 15(1): 18-26. (Journal Article)

• Ngadi, N., Abrahamson, J., Fee, C. and Morison, K. (2010) QCM-D Study of β-casein on Silicate-PEG Surfaces. Journal of Applied Sciences 10(24): 3343-3348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2010.3343.3348. (Journal Article)

• Billakanti, J.M., Fee, C.J., Lane, F.R., Kash, A.S. and Fredericks, R. (2010) Simultaneous, quantitative detection of five whey proteins in multiple samples by surface plasmon resonance. International Dairy Journal 20(2): 96-105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2009.08.008. (Journal Article)

• Abrahamson, J., Fee, C., Morison, K. and Ngadi, N. (2009) Are PEG Molecules a Universal Protein Repellent? International Journal of Biological and Life Sciences 1(3): 116-120. (Journal Article)

• Wang, H., He, L.Z., Lensch, M., Gabius, H-J., Fee, C.J. and Middelberg, A.P.J. (2009) Biomolecular engineering of human lectin galectin-2. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering 108(S1): S61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2009.08.180. Abstract. (Other)

• Billakanti, J.M. and Fee, C.J. (2009) Characterization of cryogel monoliths for extraction of minor proteins from milk by cation exchange. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 103(6): 1155-1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.22344. (Journal Article)

• Márquez, V., Fee, C. and Beccaria, A. (2009) Experimentos en entornos virtuales como herramientas didácticas en la enseñanza de los principios de optimización de procesos biotecnológicos. Rosario, Argentina: VII Simposio Nacional de Biotecnología: REDBIO Argentina, 20-24 Apr 2009. (Conference Contribution - Full conference paper)

• Saufi, S.M. and Fee, C.J. (2009) Fractionation of B-Lactoglobulin from whey by mixed matrix membrane ion exchange chromatography. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 103(1): 138-147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.22239. (Journal Article)

• Saufi, S.M. and Fee, C.J. (2009) Fractionation Of Whey Proteins Using Anion Exchange Mixed Matrix Membrane (MMM) Chromatography In A Cross-Flow System. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: 7th International Conference on Membrane Science & Technology, 12-15 May 2009. (Conference Contribution - Full conference paper)

• Fee, C.J. (2009) Hybrid Systems Engineering: Polymer-Peptide Conjugates. In R. Koopmans (Ed.), Engineering Aspects of Self-Organising Systems: 211-222. Amsterdam: Elsevier. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2377(08)00207-X. (Chapter in Book)

• Fee, C.J. (2009) Protein conjugates purification and characterization. In F.M. Veronese (Ed.), PEGylated Protein Drugs: Basic Science and Clinical Applications: 113-125. Basel: Birkhäuser. (Chapter in Book)

• Plesner, B., Fee, C.J., Nielsen, A.D. and Westh, P. (2009) Using SPR to estimate the conformation of PEGylated proteins. Colorado, USA: 2009 Colorado Protein Stability Conference, 15-18 Jul 2009. (Conference Contribution - Abstract)

• O'Steen, B., Fee, C. and Jordan, R. (2008) Engaging students in their education: Making a strong first impression with Engineering 101. Yeppoon, Australia: Nineteenth Annual Conference of the Australasian Association for Engineering Education (AaeE 2008), 7-10 Dec 2008. In Proceedings of the 2008 AaeE Conference 2008 (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Fee, C.J., Billikanti, J.M. and Babu, V.D. (2008) Measurement of Electrostatic Interactions of PEGylated Proteins Using a Novel Multi-Channel Surface Plasmon Resonance Technique. Quebec City, Canada: Recovery of Biological Products XIII, 22-26 Jun 2008. (Conference Contribution - Poster presentation)

• Ngadi, N., Abrahamson, J., Fee, C. and Morison, K. (2008) QCM-D study on relationship of PEG coated stainless steel surfaces to protein resistance. International Journal of Natural Sciences and Engineering 1(3): 126-130. (Journal Article)

• Ngadi, N., Abrahamson, J., Fee, C. and Morison, K.R. (2008) QCM-D study on relationship of PEG coated stainless steel surfaces to protein resistance. Paris, France: World Congress on Science, Engineering and Technology, 21-23 Nov 2008. In Proceedings of the World Congress on Science, Engineering and Technology 47 58-89. http://www.waset.ac.nz/journals/waset/v47/v47-20.pdf. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Fee, C.J., Lane, F.R., Billikanti, J.M. and Fredericks-Short, R. (2008) Rapid development of a surface plasmon resonance method for simultaneous detection of whey proteins. Lorne, Victoria, Australia: 33rd Lorne Conference on Protein Structure and Function, 10-14 Feb 2008. (Conference Contribution - Poster presentation)

• Wang, H., He, L., Lensch, M., Gabius, H-J., Fee, C.J. and Middelberg, A.P.J. (2008) Single-Site Cys-Substituting Mutation of Human Lectin Galectin-2: Modulating Solubility in Recombinant Production, Reducing Long-Term Aggregation, and Enabling Site-Specific MonoPEGylation. Biomacromolecules 9(11): 3223-3230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bm800801b. (Journal Article)

• Fee, C.J., Ngadi, N., Abrahamson, J. and Morison, K. (2007) Adsorption of biomolecules to plain and PEG-grafted stainless steel surfaces. Brisbane, Australia: 2nd CBAS (CBE-BASE APEC) Symposium, 17-19 Jul 2007. (Conference Contribution - Full conference paper)

• Fee, C.J., Kern, F., Scott, N., Hall, A. and Chand, A. (2007) Extraction Equipment. Patent No. 541004, New Zealand. (Intellectual Property)

• Ngadi, N., Abrahamson, J., Fee, C. and Morison, K. (2007) Inhibition of Protein Adsorption onto Stainless Steel by a PEG Layer. Melbourne, Australia: Chemeca 2007, 23-26 Sep 2007. 12pp. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Fee, C.J. (2007) Size comparison between proteins PEGylated with branched and linear poly(ethylene glycol) molecules. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 98(4): 725-731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.21482. (Journal Article)

• Fee, C.J. and Chand, A. (2006) Capture of lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase from raw whole milk by cation exchange chromatography. Separation and Purification Technology 48(2): 143-149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2005.07.011. (Journal Article)

• Botes, G.J., Fee, C.J. and Lay, M.C. (2006) Conceptual Design of Elution, Resin Regeneration and Cassette Repacking Process. Dexcel Ltd. 30pp. (Report for External Body)

• Lay, M.C., Fee, C.J. and Swan, J.E. (2006) Continuous radial flow chromatography of proteins. Food and Bioproducts Processing 84(1): 78-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1205/fbp.05156. (Journal Article)

• Botes, G.J., Fee, C.J. and Lay, M.C. (2006) Final Product Specifications for Lactoferrin and Lactoperoxidase Captured On-Farm from Whole Milk. Dexcel Ltd. 28pp. (Report for External Body)

• Fee, C.J. and Chand, A. (2006) Intensification of minor milk protein purification processes. Christchurch, New Zealand: Process Intensification and Innovation Process (PI2) Conference II, 24-29 Sep 2006. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Fee, C.J. and Van Alstine, J.M. (2006) PEG-proteins: Reaction engineering and separation issues. Chemical Engineering Science 61(3): 924-939. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2005.04.040. (Journal Article)

• Lin, Y., Swan, J. and Fee, C. (2006) Polymer microcapsules for pH-responsive controlled release. Vienna, Austria: 33rd Annual Meeting of the Controlled Release Society, 22-26 Jul 2006. (Conference Contribution - Poster presentation)

• Lin, Y., Swan, J.E. and Fee, C.J. (2006) Preparing Porous Polyamide Microcapsules with a pH-sensitive Chemical Valve. Auckland, New Zealand: CHEMECA 2006, 17-20 Sep 2006. In Conference Proceedings of CHEMECA 2006: Knowledge and Innovation 5pp. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Botes G.J., Lay M.C. and Fee C.J. (2006) Process Costing and Economic Analysis of an Elution Process for Lactoferrin and Lactoperoxidase Captured On-Farm from Whole Milk. Dexcel Ltd. 20pp. (Report for External Body)

• McLellan, B.J., Ellis, K.J., Rathbone, M.J., Fee, C.J., Swan, J.E. and Meier, S. (2006) The effect of gas diffusion on a gas driven controlled release device. Vienna, Austria: 33rd Annual Meeting of the Controlled Release Society, 22-26 Jul 2006. (Conference Contribution - Abstract)

• Li, L., Swan, J.E. and Fee, C.J. (2006) Using Size Exclusion Chromatography to Predict Viscosity Radius of Linear and Branched PEGylated Proteins. Auckland, New Zealand: CHEMECA 2006, 17-20 Sep 2006. In Conference Proceedings of CHEMECA 2006: Knowledge and Innovation 5pp. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Chand, A., Fee, C.J. and Thomson, N. (2005) Batch extraction of lactoferrin from raw whole milk. Honolulu, HI, USA: VII International Conference on Lactoferrin Structure, Function & Applications, 16-19 Oct 2005. (Conference Contribution - Full conference paper)

• Bergstrom, J., Gustafsson, A., Kurt-Fuentes, R., Lindstrom, D., Magnusson, R., Mendel-Hartvig, M., Rudstedt, A., Stadler, J., Fee, C. and Van Alstine, J. (2005) Chromatography Media for Large Molecules. Uppsala, Sweden: Affinity 2005: 16th Biennial Meeting of the International Society for Molecular Recognition (ISMR), 14-18 Aug 2005. http://www-conference.slu.se/affinity/program/oral.htm. (Conference Contribution - Poster presentation)

• Lay, M.C., Fee, C.J. and Swan, J.E. (2005) Continuous radial flow chromatography: design, construction and operation. Seoul, South Korea: 4th International Conference on Biorecognition and Engineering, 13-15 May 2005. (Conference Contribution - Poster presentation)

• Fee, C.J. and Chand, A. (2005) Design Considerations for the Batch Capture of Proteins from Raw Whole Milk by Ion Exchange Chromatography. Chemical Engineering and Technology 28(11): 1360-1366. doi:10.1002/ceat.200500124. (Journal Article)

• Fee, C.J. (2005) Molecule-molecule and molecule-surface interactions of PEGylated proteins. Seoul, South Korea: 4th International Conference on Biorecognition and Engineering, 13-15 May 2005. (Conference Contribution - Oral presentation)

• Chand, A., Fee, C.J. and Swan, J.E. (2005) On-line fractionation of proteins from fresh milk. Brisbane, Australia: CHEMECA 2005 (33rd Australasian Chemical Engineering Conference), 25-28 Sep 2005. http://www.icms.com.au/chemeca2005/. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Fee, C.J., Chand, A. and Matthews, T. (2005) Protein Purification from Raw Whole Milk. Jeju Islan, South Korea: Asia Pacific Biochemical Engineering Conference (APBioChEC-05), 19-22 May 2005. http://apbiochec.org/. (Conference Contribution - Full conference paper)

• Lay, M.C. and Fee, C.J. (2005) Radial Flow Chromatography. Jeju Island, South Korea: Asia Pacific Biochemical Engineering Conference (APBioChEC'05), 19-22 May 2005. http://apbiochec.org/. (Conference Contribution - Full conference paper)

• Fee, C.J. (2005) Reaction Process. Patent No. 540430, New Zealand. Provisional lodged 27 May 2005. (Intellectual Property)

• Lin, Y., Swan, J.E. and Fee, C.J. (2004) Biomaterials for controlled drug delivery. Hamilton, New Zealand: Joint SCENZ/FEANZ/SMINZ Conference, 2 Jul 2004. http://www.waikato.ac.nz/ php/research.php?mode=parent&skin=sste&doc=Joint+SCENZ+%2F+FEANZ+%2F+SMNZI+Conference. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Ismail, A.A., Rathbone, M.J., Ogle, C.R., Bunt, C.R., Pickering, K.L. and Fee, C.J. (2004) Characterisation of an Electronic Drug Delivery Insert. Honolulu, HI, USA: 31st Annual Meeting and Exposition of the Controlled Release Society, 12-16 Jun 2004. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Fee, C.J. and Mason, S. (2004) Charge-pH behaviour of PEGylated proteins: Consequences for downstream processing. Uminonakamichi, Japan: Bioseparation 2004, 15-16 Oct 2004. http://web-mff.kobe-c.ac.jp/BSP2004/schedule.html. (Conference Contribution - Oral presentation)

• Fee, C.J. and Chand, A. (2004) Chromatographic fractionation of milk proteins directly from raw, whole milk. Hamilton, New Zealand: Joint SCENZ/FEANZ/SMINZ Conference, 2 Jul 2004. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Ismail, A.A., Rathbone, M.J., Bunt, C., Ogle, C., Pickering, K. and Fee, C.J. (2004) Development and evaluation of several release assessment methods for an electronically modulated drug delivery system. Hamilton, New Zealand: Joint SCENZ/FEANZ/SMINZ Conference, 2 Jul 2004. http://www.waikato.ac.nz/ php/research.php?mode=parent&skin=sste&doc=Joint+SCENZ+%2F+FEANZ+%2F+SMNZI+Conference. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Fee, C.J. and Van Alstine, J.M. (2004) Prediction of size and size exclusion chromatography behaviour of PEGylated proteins. Bioconjugate Chemistry 15(6): 1304-1313. (Journal Article)

• Fee, C.J. and Van Alstine, J.A. (2004) Purification of PEGylated Proteins: Consequences for Downstream Processing. Bordeaux, France: 9th International Symposium on Biochromatography, 5-7 May 2004. http://bioseparation.free.fr/Symposium/Programme.html. (Conference Contribution - Abstract)

• Fee, C.J. and Van Alstine, J.A. (2004) Separation of PEGylated proteins by size exclusion chromatography: influence of PEGylation on molecular size. Kitakyushu, Japan: Asia-Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering (APCChE) Conference, 17-19 Oct 2004. (Conference Contribution - Full conference paper)

• Fee, C.J. (2003) Chromatographic protein PEGylation: achieving control of reaction selectivity and product separation in a single unit operation. Banff, Canada: Recovery of Biological Products, 14-19 Sep 2003. http://www.recoveryconferences.org/media(400,1033)/RXI_Post_Conference_Program.pdf. (Conference Contribution - Abstract)

• Ismail, A.A., Rathbone, M.J., Ogle, C.R., Bunt, C.R., Pickering, K.L. and Fee, C.J. (2003) Poly-e-caprolactone as a Model Membrane in Side-by-side Cells. Sydney, Australia: APSA (Australasian Pharmaceutical Science Association) Conference, Dec 2003. (Conference Contribution - Abstract)

• Fee, C.J. (2003) Size Exclusion Reaction Chromatography (SERC): A new technique for protein PEGylation. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 82(2): 200-206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.10561. (Journal Article)

• Fee, C.J., Petersen, J., Nielsen, A., Wakeling, W. and Walmsley, M. (2002) Buoyancy-Induced Mixing Patterns in Expanded Beds. Sydney, Australia: World Congress on Particle Technology 4, 21-25 Jul 2002. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Lay, M.C. and Fee, C.J. (2002) Continuous radial flow chromatography: modelling the impact of non-uniform flow on continuous operation. Auckland, New Zealand: Pacific Rim Biotechnology Conference, Nov 2002. (Conference Contribution - Poster presentation)

• Fee, C.J., Petersen, J., Neilsen, A., Wakeling, W., Bjerkwig, J. and Schultz L., Walmsley M.R.W. (2002) Development of buoyancy-induced mixing in expanded bed adsorption. St Petersburg Beach, FL, USA: 4th International Conference on Expanded Bed Adsorption (EBA 02), 8-11 Sep 2002. In Amersham Biosciences "Downstream" EBA'02 Extended Abstracts 32-33. http://www4.amershambiosciences.com/ APTRIX/ upp00919.nsf/Content/ProteinPProcDevM_TechDoc~Lists~mag1_pprocess. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Fee, C.J. and Nilawongse, R. (2002) Interactions between Whey Solids and Adsorption Media in Expanded Bed Adsorption. Christchurch, New Zealand: 9th Asian Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering (APCChE) Congress, 29 Sep-3 Oct 2002. In Green Processing and Sustainability: 9th APCChE Congress and CHEMECA 2002 CD-ROM(Paper no. 147) 9 p. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Fee, C.J. (2002) Reaction Process [Granted and Sealed 21 Dec 2004]. Patent No. 519011, New Zealand. Provisional lodged 1 Sep 2002. (Intellectual Property)

• Fee, C.J. (2002) Size-Exclusion Reaction Chromatography: Combining Reaction and Separation in a Single Unit Operation. Christchurch, New Zealand: 9th Asian Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering (APCChE) Congress, 29 Sep-3 Oct 2002. In Green Processing and Sustainability: 9th APCChE Congress and CHEMECA 2002 CD-ROM(Paper no. 146) 11 p. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Downey, M., Fang, L., Trinh, K.T., McCarthy, O., Fee, C.J., Weeks, M. and Prankerd, B. (2002) The effect of milk fat globule membrane damage on whole milk fouling. Christchurch, New Zealand: 9th APCChE Conference, 29 Sep-3 Oct 2002. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Buckley-Smith, M.K. and Fee, C.J. (2002) The use of Hansen solubility parameters in membrane choice. Auckland, New Zealand: Pacific Rim Biotechnology Conference, Nov 2002. (Conference Contribution - Poster presentation)

• Downey, M.C., Ma, C.H., Trinh, T.K., McCarthy, O.J., Fee, C., Weeks, M. and Prankerd, B. (2002) The Use of Particle Size Distribution Data in the Assessment of Milk Fat Globule Membrane Damage. Christchurch, New Zealand: 9th Asian Pacific Confederation of Chemical Engineering (APCChE) Congress, 29 Sep-3 Oct 2002. In Green Processing and Sustainability: 9th APCChE Congress and CHEMECA 2002 CD-ROM(Paper no. 367) 8 pp. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Swan, J.E. and Fee, C.J. (2001) Biotechnology – student and industry perceptions of the skills required. Melbourne, Australia: 6th World Congress on Chemical Engineering, 23-27 Sep 2001. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Fee, C.J. and Liten, A.D. (2001) Buoyancy-Induced Mixing during Wash and Elution Steps in Expanded Bed Adsorption. Bioseparation 10(1-3): 21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012044024909. (Journal Article)

• Fee C.J. (2001) Economics of Wash Strategies for Expanded Bed Adsorption of Proteins from Milk with Buoyancy-Induced Mixing. Chemical Engineering and Processing 40(4): 329-334. doi:10.1016/S0255-2701(01)00114-3. (Journal Article)

• Downey, M., Trinh, T., McCarthy, O. and Fee, C.J. (2001) Effect of direct steam injection heating on lipolysable fat content of whole milk Report No. TKT01-MD/02. Massey University Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health. Massey University Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health. (Technical Report)

• Fee, C.J. (2001) Efficiency of density-enhanced wash steps in expanded bed adsorption. Cancun, Mexico: Recovery of Biological Products X, 3-8 Jun 2001. (Conference Contribution - Abstract)

• Downey, M., Trinh, T., McCarthy, O. and Fee, C.J. (2001) Interaction between homogenisation and heating of whole milk. Massey University Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health. Massey University Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health. (Technical Report)

• Downey, M., Trinh, T., McCarthy, O. and Fee, C.J. (2001) Verification of particle size measurement Report No. TKT01-MD/01. Massey University Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health. Massey University Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health. (Technical Report)

• Fee, C.J. (2001) Wash and elution strategies in expanded bed adsorption. Melbourne, Australia: 6th World Congress on Chemical Engineering, 23-27 Sep 2001. (Conference Contribution - Paper in published proceedings)

• Boersma, R.J., Sammes, N.M. and Fee, C. (2000) Integrated fuel cell system with tubular solid oxide fuel cells. Journal of Power Sources 86(1-2): 369-375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(99)00410-3. (Journal Article)

• Boersma R.J., Sammes N.M. and Fee C.J. (2000) Losses Resulting from In-Plane Electricity Conduction in Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. Solid State Ionics 135(1-4): 493-502. doi:10.1016/S0167-2738(00)00429-X. (Journal Article)